2019年10月19日雅思大作文题目:我们必须少使用化石燃料吗？The international community must act immediately to ensure that all countries reduce their consumption of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
解析&审题
本题重复2014年1月25日的雅思考试作文题目。
关于这个题目，很多同学看到问题后，反应肯定就是：当然啊，必须啊，人类应该控制化石燃料的使用。接下来可能就会想到几条理由，比如化石燃料是不可再生的，因此应该为后代节约；化石燃料会引起环境污染，因此应该少用；等等。
这样写有什么问题吗？应该说也没有什么大的问题，但就是太一般化，太化，这样的观点不会引起考官的注意，因此很难得到比较理想的分数（除非语言表达好到令考官无法拒绝）。为什么呢？
大家仔细看看这个题目，它本身就是一个非常的观点：世界上所有国家都必须马上控制化石燃料的使用，而考题问的是：你在何种程度上同意或者不同意这个观点？因此，考题应该会期待考生对题目这个观点有所保留，去论证这个观点带来的后果，从而从某种程度上不同意这个观点。这就是雅思写作老师经常提及的一个观点：雅思考试作文中应尽量体现“批判性”的思维，尤其是在这种“在何种程度上同意还是不同意”的题目中。
就本题而言，我们可以这样操作：首先论证所有国家都应该控制化石燃料的使用（不可再生，损害人类身体健康，污染环境），然后结合现实，即当前生活方式很难让大家减少使用化石燃料，讨论如何开发新型能源形式来减少对化石燃料的依赖，这样全文的结论（也就是作者观点）就是：与其强制所有国家减少使用化石燃料，不如鼓励大家积极开发新型能源。这样写，就既回应了题目观点，又提出了自己的观点。
以下是雅思写作老师撰写的高分范文。
老师笔记
01
There is a growing awareness of the need to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels as the world’s primary energy source. Why must the international community shift away from heavy fossil fuel use, and how?
人们日益认识到有必要减少对化石燃料作为世界主要能源的依赖。那么，为什么国际社会必须放弃大量使用化石燃料？怎样才能放弃？
解析
（1） 本段开门见山给出背景（人们越来越意识到要减少使用化石燃料），并提出问题（为什么要减少，怎样才能减少？）。
（2） There is a growing awareness of... 人们越来越意识到......
（3） Reliance 依赖
（4） Primary 首要的；位的
（5） Shift away from 远离
02
It is generally agreed that non-renewable fossil fuels—oil, coal and natural gas--come with a cost as they irreparably damage the environment and harm human health. We all know that oil is the single largest source of air pollution that may result in global warming and then cause climate to change. Coal smoke is largely responsible for human diseases, especially respiratory diseases like asthma. At the same time, natural gas is possibly the chief culprit in the contaminated groundwater and earthquakes. It is, therefore, necessary for the international community to act immediately to ensure that all countries phase out fossil fuels.
人们普遍认为，不可再生的化石燃料--石油、煤炭和天然气--是包含了某种代价的，因为它们对环境造成了不可挽回的损害，也损害了人类健康。我们都知道石油是的空气污染来源，可能导致全球变暖，然后导致气候变化。煤烟是人类疾病的主要原因，尤其是像哮喘这样的呼吸系统疾病。同时，天然气可能是污染地下水和地震的罪魁祸首。因此，国际社会必须立即采取行动，确保所有国家都在逐步淘汰化石燃料。
解析
（1） 本段讨论化石燃料理应减少的两大原因：污染环境、引发疾病。
（2） Non-renewable 不能再生的
（3） Irreparable 无法挽回的
（4） Result in 导致
（5） Be largely responsible for... 在很大程度上对......负责
（6） Culprit （坏事的）原因；罪犯
（7） Contaminated groundwater 被污染的地下水
（8） Phase out 逐步淘汰
03
Nevertheless, the current energy demand makes it hard for any country to significantly decrease its use of fossil fuels. So the issue is perhaps not how to reduce the use of fossil fuels, but how to reduce the heavy reliance on them. One solution is to develop more renewable sources of energy such as solar and wind power. More and more countries are turning to these constant power sources to help offset their reliance on oil, coal and natural gas. These green methods of solar panels and wind turbines can allow users to harness the free, inexhaustible supply of energy, while creating zero pollution.
然而，目前的能源需求使任何国家都难以大幅减少对化石燃料的使用。因此，问题也许不在于如何减少化石燃料的使用，而在于如何减少对化石燃料的过度依赖。一个解决办法是开发更多的可再生能源，如太阳能和风能。越来越多的国家利用这些源源不断的能源来帮助抵消他们对石油、煤炭和天然气的依赖。太阳能电池板和风力涡轮机的这些绿色方法可以让用户利用免费的、取之不尽的能源，同时创造零污染。
解析
（1） 本段讨论如何降低对化石燃料的依赖。
（2） Significantly 极大地；大幅度地
（3） Constant 恒久的
（4） Offset 抵消
（5） Harness 利用；驾驭
（6） Inexhaustible 用之不竭的
04
In conclusion, there are reasons why countries should reduce their consumption of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas, but more realistically, they should find ways of generating and storing alternative sources such as solar and wind energy.
总之，各国应该减少石油、煤炭和天然气等化石燃料的消耗是有原因的，但更现实的是，它们应该找到方法来产生和储存替代能源，如太阳能和风能。
解析
（1） 本段是结论段，再次明确自己的观点。
（2） Consumption 消费；耗费
（3） Realistically 现实地
（4） Generate 产生
（5） Alternative 替换的
There is a growing awareness of the need to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels as the world’s primary energy source. Why must the international community shift away from heavy fossil fuel use, and how?
It is generally agreed that non-renewable fossil fuels—oil, coal and natural gas--come with a cost as they irreparably damage the environment and harm human health. We all know that oil is the single largest source of air pollution that may result in global warming and then cause climate to change. Coal smoke is largely responsible for human diseases, especially respiratory diseases like asthma. At the same time, natural gas is possibly the chief culprit in the contaminated groundwater and earthquakes. It is, therefore, necessary for the international community to act immediately to ensure that all countries phase out fossil fuels.
Nevertheless, the current energy demand makes it hard for any country to significantly decrease its use of fossil fuels. So the issue is perhaps not how to reduce the use of fossil fuels, but how to reduce the heavy reliance on them. One solution is to develop more renewable sources of energy such as solar and wind power. More and more countries are turning to these constant power sources to help offset their reliance on oil, coal and natural gas. These green methods of solar panels and wind turbines can allow users to harness the free, inexhaustible supply of energy, while creating zero pollution.
In conclusion, there are reasons why countries should reduce their consumption of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas, but more realistically, they should find ways of generating and storing alternative sources such as solar and wind energy.
(283 words)
建议背诵的句子
1. It is generally agreed that non-renewable fossil fuels—oil, coal and natural gas--come with a cost as they irreparably damage the environment and harm human health.
人们普遍认为，不可再生的化石燃料--石油、煤炭和天然气--是包含了某种代价的，因为它们对环境造成了不可挽回的损害，也损害了人类健康。
2. We all know that oil is the single largest source of air pollution that may result in global warming and then cause climate to change.
我们都知道石油是的空气污染来源，可能导致全球变暖，然后导致气候变化。
3. Nevertheless, the current energy demand makes it hard for any country to significantly decrease its use of fossil fuels.
然而，目前的能源需求使任何国家都难以大幅减少对化石燃料的使用。
4. These green methods of solar panels and wind turbines can allow users to harness the free, inexhaustible supply of energy, while creating zero pollution.
太阳能电池板和风力涡轮机的这些绿色方法可以让用户利用免费的、取之不尽的能源，同时创造零污染。
5. In conclusion, there are reasons why countries should reduce their consumption of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas, but more realistically, they should find ways of generating and storing alternative sources such as solar and wind energy.
总之，各国应该减少石油、煤炭和天然气等化石燃料的消耗是有原因的，但更现实的是，它们应该找到方法来产生和储存替代能源，如太阳能和风能。
