托福听力中的态度题往往是托福听力考试中较易失分的题型。该题型主要考查大家的情景理解能力(pragmatic understanding),也就是说话者对于问题持有什么态度。通常在讲座中,出现的态度往往不止一种,很多学生容易顾此失彼或者断章取义,最后导致说话者的态度判断错误。
接下来,我们先来看看态度题是如何提问的: What is the professor's attitude toward X? What is the professor's opinion of X? 当我们题干中出现’attitude’或者’opinion’的单词即为我们态度题的常见提问方式啦。
我们通常对于事物会有三种态度:积极、消极和中立的。在一些简单的题目中,作者用相关的形容词或者词组直接表达作者对于该问题的看法。所以,我们只需要抓取一些关键的形容词以及词组就能判断作者的态度。例如:
我们先来看一下例题:
例1: What is the professor’s opinion about the future of Kramer Junction power plant? (TPO12L4Q5)
A. He is uncertain about the future of the Kramer Junction plant.B. He believes the Kramer Junction plant will become a major source of power.C. He is certain the Kramer Junction plant will not be able to increase its capacity.D. He thinks the Kramer Junction plant will have many competitors.
听力原文: Right now, the utility companies are interested in increasing the capacity of the Kramer Junction plant. But only time will tell if it will ever develop into a major source of power for that region...considering the economic and political factors involved.
在转折词’but’后面通常易出现考点,因此转折后面的内容要认真听。此句介绍了太阳能发电厂,但是当提到了它的未来发展趋势的时候,用了‘only time will tell’说明作者对其也不太确定,最终时间会告诉我们。因此,作者对于该问题持有不太确定的观点。此题应该选A。
另外一种类型的态度题,作者会在文中出现明显的语音语调变化,因此在出现明显语音语调变化的部分,我们尤其要注意它的内容。通常在这个地方就很容易出现考点。例如,我们表示赞赏的时候,喜欢用程度词表示很满意(too true)。在表示怀疑的时候,通常会用疑问的方式(are you sure?)。在强调的时候,则会用重音突出强调的内容。
我们来看一下例题:
例2: What is the professor’s attitude toward Schwabe's and Wolf's research? (TPO18 L1Q5)A. He is surprised that the research is contradictory.B. He is impressed by how many years were spent on the research.C. He has difficulty believing that research should take so long.D. He doubts that the research is given enough credit by modern astronomers.
听力原文:So Wolf did 40 years of research, and Schwabe did 17 years of research. I think there is a reason there. Anyway, Wolf went though all records from various observations in Europe and put together a history of sunspot observations going back about 100 years.
在句子开头用了‘so’这样的句式,暗示此处可能会出现考点。这句话说到了两位学者研究的时间分别是40年和17年,并且‘40’以及‘17’这两部分用重音突出了作者所强调的重点。由此可见,作者对于两位作者研究时间之长,充满了惊讶的情感。因此,该题应该选B。
总之,大多数托福听力中的态度题会通过明显的语音语调变化来强调作者的重点,因此我们要区别明显的语音语调变化。与此同时,部分简单题目会直接表明作者的观点态度,所以我们只要抓取关键的形容词或者相关词组就能直接判断出来。
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