雅思写作核心要点，你掌握了吗！

雅思写作的衔接性，听过的人多，但真正掌握、懂得考官评分点的人并不多——

     按以往经验来看，烤鸭们在写作四个评分标准当中，往往在这一项得分。但！只要掌握一些要点，提升该项得分并不难。

衔接性（Cohesion）是将文章中的段落和句子连接在一起的方式，加上连贯性（Coherence），是雅思写作中的一个评分标准，占25%的分数。

首先，让我们看看衔接性实际上意味着什么。

01什么是衔接性？

衔接性指连接词的使用，连接词有时被称为语篇标记，连接词或路标语言。例如：“for example”, “on the one hand”, “secondly”, “in conclusion”。

连接词有助于整合观点，并阐明段落/句子/成分之间的逻辑关系。

02考官想要什么？这一点评分时更看重什么呢？

对症才能下药，要想在这一点提分，你必须懂点考官心思，才能投其所好呀~

其实，在这一点上，考官最希望看到的是你对连接词的使用适当，有效和正确。

也就是说，有两个误区是写作时必须要避开的：

1误用连接词

雅思考生所犯的错误之一，就是误用连接词。在雅思写作task 2中尤其重要，在大作文中，错误使用连接词可能会使理解造成困难。如果错误地使用了单词，考官会将其标记下来。这大概就是很多烤鸭写作5分的原因。

雅思5分评分标准之一：

The candidate makes inaccurate use of cohesive devices.

2过度使用连接词

恰当而有效地使用连接词还意味着：以正确的数量使用它们。注意！连接词的堆砌并不等同于逻辑的连贯性，通常每个段落中只有一个或两个连接词就足够了。

附上：雅思写作连贯与衔接（ Coherence and Cohesion）评分标准：

Band 5

makes inadequate use, inaccurate use or over use of cohesive devices

may be repetitive because of lack of referencing and substitution

Band 6

uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical

may not always use referencing clearly or appropriately

Band 7

uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under or over-use.

Band 8

manages all aspects of cohesion well.

Band 9

uses cohesion in such a way that it attracts no attention.

03怎样提高写作CC得分？

总结一下，写作CC高分的要点：

1.只使用你熟悉的连接词，并且在使用前考虑使用的必要性；

2.不要过度使用衔接词，大概每个段落两处；

3.尝试把连接词放在句子的不同部分，不要总是只放在句首。

接下来将提供一些有用的显性连接词！这些连接词按其功能进行分类；

以及一些隐性衔接手段，包括词汇的变形，同义替换，以及代词的使用。

Cohesive Devices使用攻略

显性衔接

adding similar ideas 补充相近观点:

in addition; additionally; also; too;

as well as; furthermore; moreover;

not only...but also

giving examples 举例:

for example; for instance; such as;

namely; to illustrate this;

a good example of this is...

comparing similar idea s比较（相近观点）:

likewise; similarly; also; in the same way;

equally

contrasting ideas 对比（不同观点）:

but; however; in contrast; in comparison;

on the other hand; on the contrary;

although; even though

introducing an opinion 介绍观点:

in my opinion; in my view; I believe that;

I think that; I feel that; I agree with;

I disagree with; it seems to me that

explaining causes 解释原因:

because of; due to; owing to;

as a result of

describing effects 描述结果:

therefore; thus; consequently;

as a result

giving reasons 提供理由:

because; so; the reason why;

another reason is;

sequencing 排序:

firstly; secondly; next; then;

after that; to begin with;

finally; lastly

emphasizing 强调:

particularly; in particular; especially;

specifically; certainly; obviously;

in fact; clearly

reformulation 重申:

in other words; that is to say;

rather;in simple terms;

put more simply

conceding ideas 让步:

admittedly; on the other hand;

another view is; I concede that;

I admit that; granted

drawing conclusion总结归纳:

in conclusion; to conclude;

in summary; to sum up

隐性衔接

1. Using different forms fo a word 词汇变形，词性的相互转换，就能体现句子前后的联系

[例句1] Children should compete with each other. Competition is healthy because it motivates children to work hard.

[例句2] Competition is healthy because it motivates children to work hard. Adults who are motivated and hard-working tend to achieve more in their careers.

2. Paraphrsing 同义替换，句子和句子间通过表现同一个主题，自然地串联了起来

[例句1] Famous people deserve a private life. Celebrities also sell newspapers.

[例句2] People seem to be either excited or worried about the failure impact of artificial intelligence. Personally I can understand the two opposing points of view. I am both fascinated by developments in artificial intelligence and apprehensive about its possible negative effects

3. Referencing 使用代词，用these, those, this, that, them等指代出现过或者即将出现的内容

[例句] Almost all scientists agree that global warming is caused by increased CO2 emissions, but they do not always agree on the solutions to this problem.

04如何学习使用这些连接词

1.不要背单词，尝试了解如何使用这些词。

可以使用词典查看这些单词和短语在英语中的实际用法。

2.阅读大量的雅思风格的文章。

这样可以了解到上下文中如何使用单词。

建议阅读BBC News Magazine, The Economist,  Popular Science, The New Scientist. National Geographic, BBC Focus Magazine, The Economist Magazine, Science Daily等等

选择自己喜欢的主题（健康，环境和教育主题都很好，因为它们在雅思考试中占了很大比重）。

除了以上几点，有经验的烤鸭们都知道，提升雅思写作最关键的还得多研读雅思范文！